The uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells is the fundamental abnormality that leads to the development of cancer. Cancer cells proliferate and divide uncontrollably, invading normal tissues and organs and eventually spreading throughout the body, instead of responding adequately to the signals that control normal cell behavior. Since cancer can arise from the aberrant multiplication of any of the body's cells, there are more than a hundred different types of cancer, each with its own unique behavior and therapeutic response. DNA damage and genomic instability are the primary causes of sporadic (non-familial) cancers. Inherited genetic mutations cause a small proportion of cancers. The majority of cancers are caused by environmental, lifestyle, or behavioral factors. Human cancer is generally not communicable, though oncoviruses and cancer germs can cause it.



Title : Multiplexed biosensor detection of cancer biomarkers
Michael Thompson, University of Toronto, Canada
Title : Nanomedicine in over 45,000 patients and no cancer
Thomas Jay Webster, Brown University, United States