Cancer Biology

• Genomic Instability and Mutations
• Epigenetics and Gene Regulation
• Tumor Microenvironment and Cellular Interactions
• Cell Signaling Pathways in Cancer
• Metabolism and Cancer
• Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Heterogeneity
• Mechanisms of Metastasis
• Cell Death and Survival Pathways

Cancer biology is the study of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that drive cancer development and progression. Researchers focus on how genetic mutations, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices interact to cause normal cells to transform into malignant ones. Key areas of cancer biology include the study of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and the tumor microenvironment. These discoveries help scientists understand how cancer cells evade the immune system, resist treatments, and spread to other parts of the body. Ongoing research in cancer biology aims to develop targeted therapies that can more effectively treat different cancer types with fewer side effects.