After cardiovascular disorders, cancer is the world 's second leading cause of mortality. The location of the cancer in the bodily organ determines the type of cancer. Different forms of cancer have different metabolic behaviors that are sometimes conflicting. Nonetheless, the oncogenic phenotype is supported by each cancer's unique metabolism. The immuno-biological microenvironments at distinct metastatic organ sites are major factors for variances in efficacy, and immunotherapy benefits a small proportion of patients across multiple cancer types. Recent advancements in cancer diagnosis and treatment, cancer survival has increased, and so there is a greater emphasis on quality rather than quantity of survival.



Title : Multiplexed biosensor detection of cancer biomarkers
Michael Thompson, University of Toronto, Canada
Title : Nanomedicine in over 45,000 patients and no cancer
Thomas Jay Webster, Brown University, United States