Title : The potential of Piper longum extract on breast cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis
Abstract:
Background: The incidence of breast cancer has increased while the mortality rate has continued to remain high. Effective treatment of this disease is the key to survival. Therefore, this study is a necessity in continuing research into new effective treatments. According to ancient Ayurvedic text, many plants have anticancer effects. They are known to reduce the proliferation of cells and the size of tumour after treatment. Piper longum is an Indian herbal drug that has been shown by Ayurvedic practitioners to be effective in treating cancer with difficult outcomes and have few side effects. Nevertheless, its anti- cancer role in breast cancer is still unknown. The current study investigated the cytotoxic effects of Piper longum (Pippali) aqueous extract on human breast cancer cell line (MCF7) using various in-vitro assays.
Methods: The cytotoxicity of the extract was determined to analyse its inhibitory effects on MCF7 cells growth by MTT assay. DNA cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assays were also performed in pippali aqueous extract treated and untreated MCF-7 cells.
Results: After 24 hours of pippali treatment, the impact of the pippali aqueous extract on MCF-7 proliferation was examined using the MTT test, and the extract's IC50 value was found to be 3.125 μg/μl. Additionally, the impact of pippali extract on MCF7 cells' DNA cell cycle and apoptosis was examined using the same IC50 dose. When pippali was applied to cells, apoptosis was induced and there was a greater rate of cell death than in untreated cells. Furthermore, compared to untreated cells, pippali-treated cells showed evidence of G0/G1 arrest.
Conclusion: The studies presented above suggest that Piper longum may have substantial anti- cancerous properties. To confirm the drug's effectiveness against breast cancer, additional functional testing is necessary and will be conducted in our lab shortly.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Piper longum, cytotoxic assay, apoptosis, Annexin assay.
